Tubing head



Oct. 25, 1938. G. A. HUMASON r 2,134,044

TUBING HEAD V Filed June 22, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ame whom GRA/Vl /LLE A. HUMASON %mu %OM Oct. 25, 1938. 'A HUMASON 2,13.4,044

TUBING HEAD b Filed June 22, 1937 2; Sheets-Sheet 2 Jwucnto c GRANVLLE A. HUMASON Patented Oct. 25, 1938 ;UNITED sT-ATES PATEN OFFICE( TUBINGHEAD Granville 'Humason, Houston, Tex.

Application June 22, 1937, Serial No. 149587 6' Claims. (01. iee-15 i The invention relates to a tubing head and flow ,control assembly. r

It is an object of the invention to provide a device of the characterdescribed including means for releasably supporting tubing in a well bore. Another object is to provide a device of the character described for releasably supporting tubing in the well bore with a fluid tight=joint between the tubing and the surrounding casing. I A further object is to provide a means for supporting a tubing within a well bore including` a novei mechanism for controlling the flow of oil from the tubing..

A more specific object is to provide' a novel casing head and tubing hanger assembly in which the hanger may be easily and efl'e'ctively brought into or releasedirom sealing engagement with the casing head bowl.

Further objects, together with the foregoing, will be' apparent from the following description taken in connection with the drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional View of the upper portion of the device comprising the invention.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a lower portion of the device of the invention and constitutes a continuation of the view of Fig. 1.

Fig; 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Flg. 2. i i

Fig. 5 is an assembly view, partly in section, showing the general construction of the present invention. I

Referring'first to Fig. 5, it will be noted that the present invention comprises a casinghead unit generally designated as i, attached to casing 2 at the 'mouth of the well bore. The casinghead unit l' includes casinghead bow1'3 having a tapered seat 4 to receive a complemental tapered surface 5 on tubing hanger-6, anannular resilient sea]- ing member |0 serving to sealthe joint between taperedsurfaces 4 and 5; The outer'surface of bowl 3 is provided with coarse threads H such as square or acme threads to threadably engage a hold-down ring l2, having ears I 3, whereby the ring may be engaged for tuming movement thereof to force the hanger 6 downwardly into scaling position and to retain thehanger in that position 'against pressure tending to lift the hanger and tubing string |4 connected thereto.

The tubing l4 is connected to the lower end of hanger 0 which has a central bore to threadably receive ,the tubing and extends upwardly therefrom at |5 and terminates'in an upwardly facing valve seat 16. An upward extens on 20 of the tubing hanger &has an internalchamber 2| connecting with flow !ines` 22 which maybe individually provided 'with suitable control valves (not shown), The upper end of the extension 20 is threaded at 23 for connectionwith a collar 24, 5 which isinturn threaded and is connected with upwardly extending valve housing 30 surrounding valve actuating mechanism, generally designated as 3l, and to be further described.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that bowl 10 3 is provided with an enlargedbore 35 above the f end of casing 2, flow lines,36 being connected with this enlarged bore. By means ofrthis construction the flow from and the pressure within the annular space between the tubing [4 and cas- 15 ing 2 may be controlled by --uitable valves not shown. e

A circumferential groove 40, having parallel side walls, is provided in hanger 6 above tapered surface 5 of the hanger. This groove 40 is 20 adapted to receive dogs 4| which are retractively positioned within arcuate recesses 42 in the hold-e down ring l2, which is provided with threads for complemental engagement with the coarse threads on the bowl 3. The cars, |3 on the 25 hold-down ring permit engagement of the ring whereby it may be efiectively rotated to force hanger E upon its seat in bowl 3 or to receive the hanger therei'rom.

An important feature of the present invention is the construction whereby dogs 4| are releasably engaged within groove 40 of the hanger 6. This feature is best illustrated in Fig. 4 in which the arcuate dogs4| are shown as slidable internally from the recesses 42 in the hold-down ring I2- 35 under the influence of compression springs 43, which engage the dogs and the inner surface of I boss 44 on the hold-down ring l2. Each of the dogs 4| hasan cutwardly extending stud 45 fixed thereto and passing through an opening 46 in the? 40 boss 44. A nut 41 on the outer end of the stud 45 maybe rotated to withdra the dogs 4| from within the groove 40 wherebythe hanger is released from the hold-down ring and may be lifted from the bowl 3, together with its attached tub- 45 ing string l4. On the other hand, the dogs may be moved to an inwardly advanced position and r the hanger inserted in thebowl and the-holddown ring assembly. The downward movement v of the hangerwill cause dogs 4l to ride upon the 50 tapered surfaces 5 'of the hanger whereby the'do'gs v will be `forced to retracted position against com-' pression springs43.-

Continued downward movement of the hanger will bring the groove 40 in the plane of the dogs 56 s and the bowl preliminary to releasing the hanger from the hold-down ring I: and withdrawal of the hanger and its attached tubing from within the bowl. A i v g The tubular valve housing is coaxial with the extension on the hanger i, and is threadably secured thereto by means o! collar 24 and is provided with internal threads Bl for engage-- ment with complementary threads 'El on the shan!!! of the valve, generally designated as ll.` The lower end oi' shank 52 has a reduoed section u, provided with a circumferentlal groove N. as best seen in Flg. 3. A coilar 5! slidably flts upon the reduoed end' u and has screws 50 flxed radially thereinpthe inner ends 51 of the screws p'roiecting' into the groove 54 whereby the collar 55 is threadably Secured to the shani: 52.

'me lower end of collar 55 is threaded internally for connection with valve stern 80 .whereby cups li and rings 62 on the valve stern may be clamped to form a plunger assembly' This plunger assembly sealably engages the inner walls of a sleeve'63, which is fixed to the inner wall of valve' housing as by threads 64 extending below the threads iflin thvalve housing.

This construction provides a valve that may be moved longitudinally oi the 'extension 20 and the housing 30 by turning of the hand-wheel". The swivel connection between shank' I! and the plunger assembly permits the plunger to move longitudinally ot the sleeve 83 without turning movement therein. 'This feature obviates rota-' tiona movement of the valve upon :its seat when the valve is advancing to or receding from its fully closed position. u I

To facilitate replacement of' partssubiect to wear a valve cap member 'III is threadably at tached to the lower end of valve stern to and is locked in assembled relationthereto by a'set' screw The lower end' oi' the cap member 10 is in the form oi' an inverted cup to receive the valve washer 12 having a concave inner'surface to closely fit over the convex seating surface on the valve seat IB. With this type 'oi' valve washer and seat the cutting action o! abrasive substances in the well fluid is minimized.

From the preferred embodiment of the invention just described it will be apparent that the invention comprehends a tubing head and flow control assembly in which the tubing hanger and valve mechanism for control "of the flow or fluid through the tubing supported by the hanger may be quickly and eflectively brought into assembledor detached relation. This is made possible by i the novel construction of the hold down assembly as best shown in Figs. 2 and 4 Likewise, the device of the invention` includes a novel valve construction twhereby there is an eflective seal against the leakageoi fluid past the valve stem v and at the same time the construction is such that there is no sliding contact between the valve and its seat, either during opening or closing of "carried by -said ring and resillently ing string supported by said hanger, a peripheral groove in said hanger above said tubular bowl.

a hold-down ring threadably connected to the tubular bowl, and radially movable latch means in said hold-down ring above the bowl !or reseat therein, a tubing hanger on said seat, a tubi leasable engagement with said peripheral groove whereby 'the ring and hanger may be interen- 'gaged and the bowl andhanger brought into seating engagement. x

2. A casing head and flow control unit including' a tubular bowl connected to the end of a pipe in a well bore. said 'bowl having an innerseat, a tubing hanger on said seat, tubing supported in the casing by said hanger. a peripheral groove in said'hangen a 'hold-down ring* surrounding said bowl and hanger, and dogs within said ring i'or engagement in said groove whereby the bowl and' hanger are brought into'intimate i seatingengagement; i

3. In a flow control unit including a concentric casing and tubing in -a well. a casinghead bowl on said casing. said bowl having a tapered seat therein, a tubinghanger adapted !or seating engagement in said tapered seat. a periph'eral groove in the tubing hanger, a hold-down ring surrounding said bowl and hanger' and threadably connected to the bowl, and radially releasable latch means in said hold-down ring for engaging said groove. whereby thecasinghead bowl andring maybe drawn into scaling engagement by said ring. said hanger being releasable by g withdrawing said latch means. 4. A well head comprising abowi having a tapered seat therein, a tubing hanger supported on said seat, a peripheral groove in said hanger above said bowl,`a hold-down ring surrounding said hanger and 'bowl and having threadable engagement with the latter, and interlock members urged inwardy thereoi' to enter said groove.

i 5. 'A well head comprisi'ng a bowl having a tapered 'seat therein, a tubing'hanger supported on said seat, a peripheral groove in said hanger -abovesaid bowl, a hold-down ring surrounding said'hanger and bowl and having threadable engagement with the latter, interlock members carried by said ring and resiliently urged inwardly thereot to enter said groove, and means tor withdrawing said interlock members from within said groove. i

6. A well'head comprisin'g a bowl having a tapered seat therein; a tubing hanger supported on said seat, tubing supported by said hanger, said hanger having an internal chamber and a passage leading from the tubing to said chamber, a valve seat in said passage. a valve in said charnber adapted to fltupon said seat when the valve is closed and manuaily operable means tor advancing the valve to closed position upon the seat, said means including a shani: threadably engaging said hanger. and a plunger swivelly connected to said shank and having cups thereon to seal the chambe'r above the valve.

GRANVILLE A. mson. y 

